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Living shorelines are a relatively new approach for addressing shoreline erosion and protecting marsh areas. Unlike traditional structures such as bulkheads or seawalls that worsen erosion, living shorelines incorporate as many natural elements as possible which create more effective buffers in absorbing wave energy and protecting against shoreline erosion. The process of creating a living shoreline is referred to as soft engineering, which utilizes techniques that incorporate ecological principles in shoreline stabilization. The natural materials used in the construction of living shorelines create and maintain valuable habitats. Structural and organic materials commonly used in the construction of living shorelines include sand, wetland plants, sand fill, oyster reefs, submerged aquatic vegetation, stones and coir fiber logs.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=NOAA Habitat Conservation - Restoration Center - Restoration Techniques and Monitoring - Living Shorelines )〕 ==Benefits and ecosystem services== * Shoreline stabilization * Riparian and intertidal protection * Water quality improvements from upland run-off filtration * Terrestrial and aquatic habitat creation〔 * Absorption of wave energy, leading to reduced erosion rates * Preservation of natural shoreline exchanges * Enhancement of fisheries feeding and breeding habitat〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Living Shorelines )〕 * Adaptability and use in a wide range of environments * Potential for less associated costs compared to traditional structures such as seawalls and bulkheads * Creates and preserves nursery and critical feeding habitats for aquatic life * Allows for a more natural aesthetic display than traditional structures〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Living shorelines」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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